基于多目标加权灰靶决策模型的节能服务公司选择研究

用能方对节能服务公司（Energy Service Company，ESCO）的选择关系到合同能源管理（Energy Performance Contracting，EPC）能否顺利实施。从用能方的角度，采用灰色系统理论中的多目标加权灰靶决策模型，对存在多决策目标的ESCO选择问题进行研究。通过层次分析法确定ESCO的11个决策目标的决策权数，根据综合效果测度值的比较，最终实现最优对策的选择。本文为用能方的ESCO选择问题提供了一种新的思路。     

“工匠精神”究竟是什么：一个整合性框架

当前工匠精神已被提升到国家层面,“弘扬工匠精神,厚植工匠文化”逐渐成为开展品质革命的重要助推力。现有研究主要从职业精神、道德伦理、组织文化和价值取向等4个基本视角对工匠精神进行界定,但存在着视角不够全面、层次较为单一的问题。为了更好地推动工匠精神研究及其相关实践开展需构建一个整合性的概念框架,即工匠精神包含品质追求、履职信念、职业承诺、能力素养、持续创新和传承关怀等6个维度,它们可从终极目标、业务技艺、职业态度和社会责任等4个方面系统地诠释工匠精神的丰富内涵。未来研究可以在该整合性框架的基础上开发相应的测量工具,进而探究工匠精神的影响前因、作用结果及其边界条件等。     

Intention to Leave the Profession: Welfare Social Workers Compared to Health Care and Community Social Workers in Israel

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to compare specific work related-factors (personal factor: length of work experience; structural factors: personal subjection to violence and fear of being subjected to violence; and psychological factors: professional quality of life—compassion satisfaction, burnout, and compassion fatigue) between welfare social workers (SWs) (n = 200) and health care and community SWs (n = 173). Furthermore, since the issue of turnover among SWs has important implications for the provision and programming of social services, the study also aimed to assess the relationship between these factors and SW intention to leave the profession. For the purpose of this study, online questionnaires were distributed to SWs working at social agencies and services. The findings suggest that the two categories of SWs showed a similarity with regard to the association between the personal and structural factors and intention to leave the profession. However, with regard to the psychological factors, the components of professional quality of life were found to operate differently in each category of SWs. It is suggested that future research examine other work-related factors and explore the intention to leave the profession among other social work specializations and employment sectors.     

“托物取象”与诗性言说——论古典文论对李健吾文学批评的影响

李健吾的文学批评在古典文论的影响下形成了独树一帜的批评风范.他强调直觉感悟,善于营造意象,运用比喻、象征、类比等手法传达阅读感受,形成“托物取象”的论证方法;形式自由,短小精悍,文字飘逸、饱含诗情,形成了诗性言说下的散漫文体与诗意语言风格.     

Sexual Orientation in State Hate Crime Laws: Exploring Social Construction and Criminal Law

Several studies have described and analyzed the development and diffusion of hate crime laws in the United States, but none specifically examined state-level differences in protected categories. Forty-five of the 50 states have a hate crime statute, but only 30 of those include sexual orientation. In this study the social construction framework is applied to the hate crime policy domain in order to determine whether or not variations in the social and political status of gays and lesbians are associated with the inclusion of sexual orientation in state hate crime laws. Content analysis of daily newspapers in six states revealed that a positive social construction is associated with groups seeking hate crime law protections, and that political influence may also be a key factor.     

目标导向层次分析方法

对含有抽象属性的多属性层次结构而言，层次分析法即AHP（包括DIS-AHP、ABS-AHP、IDE-AHP和SUP-AHP四种具体方法）会因比率比较基准缺失、权重内涵模糊不清或方案评价不保序而缺乏科学理性。为发展AHP，基于摆幅置权（SW）判断模式和多属性决策属性价值公度方法，首先给出了能为层次结构抽象属性上的SW判断提供支持的规约性多属性决策属性价值公度方法，然后由此并结合多属性价值理论给出了能够克服现有层次分析法内在缺陷的目标导向层次分析方法即ToAHP。相对于AHP，ToAHP在判断模式与权重内涵、方法建构的理论基础和相关假设检验、方案评价保序与其内在数理依据上具有明显的相对科学合理性。应用分析表明：在输入信息可比的条件下，ToAHP明显优于AHP的四种分析方法之中最具可信性的SUP-AHP方法。     

Resource Distribution in Multiple Attacks with Imperfect Detection of the Attack Outcome

This article extends the previous research of consecutive attacks strategy by assuming that an attacker observes the outcome of each attack imperfectly. With given probabilities it may wrongly identify a destroyed target as undestroyed, and wrongly identify an undestroyed target as destroyed. The outcome of each attack is determined by a contest success function that depends on the amount of resources allocated by the defender and the attacker to each attack. The article suggests a probabilistic model of the multiple attacks and analyzes how the target destruction probability and the attacker's relative resource expenditure are impacted by the two probabilities of incorrect observation, the attacker's and defender's resource ratio, the contest intensity, the number of attacks, and the resource distribution across attacks. We analyze how the attacker chooses the number of attacks, the attack stopping rule, and the optimal resource distribution across attacks to maximize its utility.     

我国小学唱歌教学目标的发展研究

唱歌教学具有对学生审美体验、艺术表达、文化认知的音乐综合素质能力培养的学科特点,通过对音乐与语言各类歌唱艺术作品与形式的体验,完成情感表达与审美行为的过程,达成音乐培养的实践意义,提升其文化承传素养的作用,完善音乐素质教育的培养目标。     

完善我国农村养老保障制度体系的目标、原则及路径

探讨农村养老保障制度建设的目标、原则及路径,对于建立比较完整的、制度协调的农村养老保障制度体系具有重要的意义。完善的农村养老保障制度体系目标应该是平等、和谐和可持续发展的;其基本原则是政府要发挥主导作用、坚持公平优先以及制度结构多层次;其路径选择可从制度结构和制度安排的角度来考量。     

话语意义建构和口译能力培养

鉴于口译活动的复杂性和创造性,在口译教学中引入法国释意学派的“脱离源语言外壳”的概念,通过词汇、句法和语篇等示例帮助学生在口译活动中建构话语意义,以增强学生口译中的理解和表达能力。